The book begins with the fundamental concepts of the role of biotechnology and genomics in agriculture and food processing. Building on this, it then focuses on specific applications of biotechnology in agriculture and includes chapters on plant cell and tissue culture techniques, genetic transformation in crop improvement, and the production of biofertilizers and biopesticides. The authors cover different aspects of biotechnology in food processing such as production of fermented foods, functional foods, enzymes in food processing, production of polysaccharides, production of sweeteners, biocolors and bioflavors, and genetically modified foods. They then examine the management of crop residues and by-products of agro-industries, comprising mushroom production and value addition to agro-industrial wastes and residues.