Among the various sustainable livelihood programmes designed for the overall development of the tribal people of the country, watershed development programme which started in the early 1990s is one of the important programmes. In this programme a lot of money has been invested by various funding agencies for the holistic growth of the stakeholders particularly in rainfed areas. This book minutely analysed the pros and cons of the watershed development programmes undertaken in Koraput district of Odisha. Koraput is one of the most backward districts of the country where the concentration of tribal population is more than half and the percentage of BPL population is as high as 87 percentage. The impact analysis of these flagship programmes are very important for the policymakers, researchers and social worke This book thoroughly examines the impact of the WDPs on the Economic, Social, Political and Environmental consequences of the programme on the people of rainfed areas of the district and also suggest suitable measures for improvement of the programme and making it more effective for sustainable livelihood for the tribal people.