Urbanization's impact on human rights is a dual-edged sword: while it offers the potential for transformation and improved living conditions, it often exacerbates inequalities and leads to human rights violations, particularly for marginalized groups. Key human rights concerns include inadequate housing, land rights, food security, safe drinking water and sanitation, and the right to work, all of which are threatened by rapid urban growth. Addressing these issues requires human rights-based approaches in urban planning, focusing on community participation, combating discrimination, and holding authorities accountable to ensure sustainable and inclusive cities.