The history of our country can safely be divided into ancient, medieval and modern periods. The ancient period started long ago, as long as humans have lived on earth. During the last two periods you must have found the society, economy, polity and culture very different from each other. These differences which you may also call progress, developed, continued and increased at a very fast pace and had very much more deeper impact on our lives. India acquired its long cherished independence on 15th August, 1947, after British government decided to lay down all claims of the Indian dominion. India was no longer to stay a slave nation under British Empire and a decision was arrived fast, under Lord Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of British-occupied India. The book has been systematically revised by incorporating new equipment's in the light of new investigates on the subject.