Condenser Microphones

Electret condenser microphone capsules (6 mm and 9.7 mm) for clap switches, voice recorders and sound sensors. The pin joined to the metal case is GND (–). They need a 2.2k-10k bias resistor and usually an amplifier stage.

Sound Finder Find the right buzzer, speaker or mic in 2 steps
1. What do you need?
2. How will you drive it?
2. What drives the speaker?

Active or passive buzzer?

Active has its own oscillator. Give it DC and it beeps at one fixed pitch. Easiest for alarms and timers. Usually has a sticker and a sealed back.
Passive needs a changing signal (PWM). You choose the pitch, so it can play notes and tunes. Shows the green board at the back.

Speaker matcher

DriverSpeaker to use
Arduino pinPassive buzzer or piezo. For an 8 Ω speaker add a transistor and a 100 Ω resistor.
DFPlayer Mini4 or 8 Ω, up to 3 W, straight on SPK1 and SPK2
ISD1820 voice module8 Ω, 0.5 W
LM3868 Ω, 0.5 to 1 W
PAM84034 or 8 Ω, 3 W per side
TDA2030 / TPA31164 or 8 Ω, 10 W and up

The speaker's watt rating should be the same as or more than the amplifier's output. Ohms should match what the amplifier lists; a lower ohm speaker draws more current and can overheat a small amplifier.

About Condenser Microphones

Electret condenser microphone capsules (6 mm and 9.7 mm) for clap switches, voice recorders and sound sensors. The pin joined to the metal case is GND (–). They need a 2.2k-10k bias resistor and usually an amplifier stage.

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